Farming, the Bay, and Politics

George Shivers • October 15, 2024


Introduction

Agriculture is essential to the economy of the Eastern Shore, although the number of farmers has been gradually decreasing over the years as corporate farming increases and swallows up what once had been smaller family farms.

 

On the website of the Chesapeake Bay Program it is stated that agriculture is the largest source of nutrient and sediment pollution that enters the Bay. Of course, Eastern Shore farms are not the only nor perhaps the largest contributors to this runoff. The Susquehanna River has its origin New York State and collects sediment and polluters as it flows from there though Pennsylvania and into the Upper Bay. The Bay watershed, in fact, encompasses 64,000 square miles. One-third of the Bay watershed is devoted to agriculture.

 

The farming practices that have a negative impact on the Bay include over-irrigating, over-tilling soil and over-applying fertilizers and pesticides. According to the Chesapeake Bay Program, based on 2022 estimates, agriculture contributes 48% of the nitrogen pollution that enters the Bay, 27% of the phosphorus, and 9% of the sediment.

 

The poultry industry and dairy farming here on the Eastern Shore also contribute to our economy in a major way. Farmers frequently use poultry litter and livestock manure to fertilize their fields. According to the EPA’s report Guidance for Federal Land Management in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed the application of manure to the land is responsible for 19% of nitrogen and 26% of phosphorus pollution in the Bay. The same source reports that chemical fertilizers and pesticides are also major contributors to Bay pollution.

 

What is being done to counteract Bay pollution?

Farmers can use conservation practices to reduce agricultural runoff into rivers and streams and thence into the Bay. These practices also have the benefit of reducing the farmers’ costs and improving production. These conservation practices are subsumed under the term “regenerative agriculture” and include:

 

  • Leaving a third or more of the land covered with crop residue or vegetation throughout the year
  • Planting cover crops to prevent erosion during all or part of the year
  • Providing forest buffers along the edges of farm fields and along rivers and streams
  • Using fencing to keep livestock from waterways
  • Developing a nutrient management program
  • Careful management of manure and poultry litter by developing animal waste storage programs and transporting excess manure to areas in need.

 

Much remains to be done, because, as is evident from the title of a recent article in the Baltimore Banner (6/29/24) by Aman Azhar: “The Chesapeake Bay Program flunked its 2025 cleanup goals. What happens next?” The gist of the article is that the Bay is not on target to meet the 2025 cleanup goals.

 

The Chesapeake Bay and the 2024 election

What do the candidates for office in the upcoming election have to say about the condition of the Bay, and do they have proposals to improve the situation?

 

Blane H. Miller III, Democratic candidate for Congress in Maryland’s District 1, has stated the following: “The Chesapeake Bay is not just an environmental treasure, it’s a critical part of Maryland’s economy and heritage. I will push for stronger protections and federal funding to preserve the Bay, restore its ecosystem, and support the industries that depend on it. My opponent has failed to champion policies that protect this vital resource — I'll make it a priority.”

 

Rep. Andrew P. Harris is the Republican candidate for re-election to Congress in District 1. On his campaign site, he makes a general statement on the importance of the Bay as follows: “Watermen, oystermen, crabbers, farmers, hunters, restaurants, and the tourism industry depend on a healthy, clean Chesapeake Bay for their livelihood. I am committed to commonsense, multi-state solutions that protect the Bay and its precious waterways. In order to make meaningful progress, we need to make sure that all of the stakeholders have a seat at the table, and that everyone has a voice in repairing our beautiful estuary.” He does not, however, give any indication of what his policy recommendations are. Based on his voting record in Congress, the League of Conservation Voters gives him a score of 0 in 2023 and a lifetime score of 2%.

 

Maryland’s Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate, Angela Alsobrooks, has already taken action on the Chesapeake Bay as County Executive of Prince George’s County by investing $1.3 billion in storm water management. As a candidate, she advocates for increasing funding to clean up the Bay. She is also a strong advocate of Sen. Chris Van Hollen’s (D) proposal to designate a Chesapeake National Recreation Area as a protected National Park.

 

The Republican candidate for the Senate is former Maryland governor, Larry Hogan. As governor he took some positive steps on behalf of Bay cleanup efforts. In 2020, he directed the state’s attorney to sue the EPA and Pennsylvania to protect Bay restoration efforts, and in 2021 he signed a regional climate pact in efforts to protect the Bay from further pollution. Nevertheless, the Chesapeake Accountability project, a coalition of four environmental groups, declared that the environment took a back seat to pro-business policies when Hogan was governor. He mostly received C grades from the League of Conservation Voters. I found no indication of Chesapeake Bay cleanup policies in Hogan’s Senate campaign literature online.

 

While Miller and Alsobrooks clearly have more to say on the environment than their Republican counterparts, not one of the candidates seems to have even considered, let alone promoted, regenerative agriculture as one solution to Chesapeake Bay contamination. Clearly none of them are in tune with agricultural practices, but given that farming has such an important role in our state, I would encourage them to give it more of their attention, particularly in promoting a cleaner Chesapeake Bay.

 

 

A native of Wicomico County, George Shivers holds a doctorate from the University of Maryland and taught in the Foreign Language Dept. of Washington College for 38 years before retiring in 2007. He is also very interested in the history and culture of the Eastern Shore, African American history in particular.

 

Common Sense for the Eastern Shore

By Friends of Megan Outten July 29, 2025
Megan Outten, a lifelong Wicomico County resident and former Salisbury City Councilwoman, officially announced her candidacy recently for Wicomico County Council, District 7. At 33, Outten brings the energy of a new generation combined with a proven record of public service and results-driven leadership. “I’m running because Wicomico deserves better,” Outten said. “Too often, our communities are expected to do more with less. We’re facing underfunded schools, limited economic opportunities, and years of neglected infrastructure. I believe Wicomico deserves leadership that listens, plans ahead, and delivers real, measurable results.” A Record of Action and A Vision for the Future On Salisbury’s City Council, Outten earned a reputation for her proactive, hands-on approach — working directly with residents to close infrastructure gaps, support first responders, and ensure everyday voices were heard. Now she’s bringing that same focus to the County Council, with priorities centered on affordability, public safety, and stronger, more resilient communities. Key Priorities for District 7: Fully fund public schools so every child has the opportunity to succeed. Fix aging infrastructure and county services through proactive investment. Keep Wicomico affordable with smarter planning and pathways to homeownership. Support first responders and safer neighborhoods through better tools, training, and prevention. Expand resources for seniors, youth, and underserved communities. Outten’s platform is rooted in real data and shaped by direct community engagement. With Wicomico now the fastest-growing school system on Maryland’s Eastern Shore — and 85% of students relying on extra resources — she points to the county’s lagging investment as a key area for action. “Strong schools lead to strong jobs, thriving industries, and healthier communities,” Outten said. “Our schools and infrastructure are at a tipping point. We need leadership that stops reacting after things break — and starts investing before they do.” A Commitment to Home and Service Born and raised in Wicomico, Megan Outten sees this campaign as a continuation of her lifelong service to her community. Her vision reflects what she’s hearing from neighbors across the county: a demand for fairness, opportunity, and accountability in local government. “Wicomico is my home; it’s where I grew up, built my life, and where I want to raise my family,” Outten said. “Our county is full of potential. We just need leaders who will listen, work hard, and get things done. That’s what I’ve always done, and that’s exactly what I’ll continue to do on the County Council.” Outten will be meeting with residents across District 7 in the months ahead and unveiling more details of her platform. For more information or to get involved, contact info@meganoutten.com
By John Christie July 29, 2025
Way back in 1935, the Supreme Court determined that independent agencies like the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) do not violate the Constitution’s separation of powers. Humphrey’s Executor v. United States (1935). Congress provided that the CPSC, like the NLRB and MSPB, would operate as an independent agency — a multi-member, bipartisan commission whose members serve staggered terms and could be removed only “for neglect of duty or malfeasance in office but for no other cause.” Rejecting a claim that the removal restriction interferes with the “executive power,” the Humphrey’s Court held that Congress has the authority to “forbid their [members’] removal except for cause” when creating such “quasi-legislative or quasi-judicial” bodies. As a result, these agencies have operated as independent agencies for many decades under many different presidencies. Shortly after assuming office in his second term, Donald Trump began to fire, without cause, the Democratic members of several of these agencies. The lower courts determined to reinstate the discharged members pending the ultimate outcome of the litigation, relying on Humphrey’s , resulting in yet another emergency appeal to the Supreme Court by the administration. In the first such case, a majority of the Court allowed President Trump to discharge the Democratic members of the NLRB and the MSPB while the litigation over the legality of the discharges continued. Trump v. Wilcox (May 22, 2025). The majority claimed that they do not now decide whether Humphrey’s should be overruled because “that question is better left for resolution after full briefing and argument.” However, hinting that these agency members have “considerable” executive power and suggesting that “the Government” faces greater “risk of harm” from an order allowing a removed officer to continue exercising the executive power than a wrongfully removed officer faces from being unable to perform her statutory duty,” the majority gave the President the green light to proceed. Justice Kagan, joined by Justices Sotomayor and Jackson, dissented, asserting that Humphrey’s remains good law until overturned and forecloses both the President’s firings and the Court’s decision to award emergency relief.” Our emergency docket, while fit for some things, should not be used to “overrule or revise existing law.” Moreover, the dissenters contend that the majority’s effort to explain their decision “hardly rises to the occasion.” Maybe by saying that the Commissioners exercise “considerable” executive power, the majority is suggesting that Humphrey’s is no longer good law but if that is what the majority means, then it has foretold a “massive change” in the law and done so on the emergency docket, “with little time, scant briefing, and no argument.” And, the “greater risk of harm” in fact is that Congress provided for these discharged members to serve their full terms, protected from a President’s desire to substitute his political allies. More recently, in the latest shadow docket ruling in the administration’s favor, the same majority of the Court again permitted President Trump to fire, without cause, the Democratic members of another independent agency, this time the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Trump v. Boyle (July 23, 2025). The same three justices dissented, once more objecting to the use of the Court’s emergency docket to destroy the independence of an independent agency as established by Congress. The CPSC, like the NLRB and MSPB, was designed to operate as “a classic independent agency.” In Congress’s view, that structure would better enable the CPSC to achieve its mission — ensuring the safety of consumer products, from toys to appliances — than would a single-party agency under the full control of a single President. “By allowing the President to remove Commissioners for no reason other than their party affiliation, the majority has negated Congress’s choice of agency bipartisanship and independence.” The dissenters also assert that the majority’s sole professed basis for the more recent order in Boyle was its prior order in Wilcox . But in their opinion, Wilcox itself was minimally explained. So, the dissenters claim, the majority rejects the design of Congress for a whole class of agencies by “layering nothing on nothing.” “Next time, though, the majority will have two (if still under-reasoned) orders to cite. Truly, this is ‘turtles all the way down.’” Rapanos v. United States (2006). * ***** *In Rapanos , in a footnote to his plurality opinion, former Supreme Court Justice Scalia explained that this allusion is to a classic story told in different forms and attributed to various authors. His favorite version: An Eastern guru affirms that the earth is supported on the back of a tiger. When asked what supports the tiger, he says it stands upon an elephant; and when asked what supports the elephant, he says it is a giant turtle. When asked, finally, what supports the giant turtle, he is briefly taken aback, but quickly replies "Ah, after that it is turtles all the way down." John Christie was for many years a senior partner in a large Washington, D.C. law firm. He specialized in anti-trust litigation and developed a keen interest in the U.S. Supreme Court about which he lectures and writes.
By Shore Progress, Progessive Maryland, Progressive Harford Co July 15, 2025
Marylanders will not forget this vote.
Protest against Trumpcare, 2017
By Jan Plotczyk July 9, 2025
More than 30,000 of our neighbors in Maryland’s first congressional district will lose their health insurance through the Affordable Care Act and Medicaid because of provisions in the GOP’s heartless tax cut and spending bill passed last week.
Farm in Dorchester Co.
By Michael Chameides, Barn Raiser May 21, 2025
Right now, Congress is working on a fast-track bill that would make historic cuts to basic needs programs in order to finance another round of tax breaks for the wealthy and big corporations.
By Catlin Nchako, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities May 21, 2025
The House Agriculture Committee recently voted, along party lines, to advance legislation that would cut as much as $300 million from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. SNAP is the nation’s most important anti-hunger program, helping more than 41 million people in the U.S. pay for food. With potential cuts this large, it helps to know who benefits from this program in Maryland, and who would lose this assistance. The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities compiled data on SNAP beneficiaries by congressional district, cited below, and produced the Maryland state datasheet , shown below. In Maryland, in 2023-24, 1 in 9 people lived in a household with SNAP benefits. In Maryland’s First Congressional District, in 2023-24: Almost 34,000 households used SNAP benefits. Of those households, 43% had at least one senior (over age 60). 29% of SNAP recipients were people of color. 15% were Black, non-Hispanic, higher than 11.8% nationally. 6% were Hispanic (19.4% nationally). There were 24,700 total veterans (ages 18-64). Of those, 2,200 lived in households that used SNAP benefits (9%). The CBPP SNAP datasheet for Maryland is below. See data from all the states and download factsheets here.
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