Five Reasons Bald Eagles are Wild About the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Jake Solyst, Chesapeake Bay Program • March 29, 2022

Non-releasable raptors, or birds of prey, live in an aviary at Tuckahoe State Park in Caroline County, Md. The animals travel throughout Maryland as part of the park's Scales and Tales educational program. Photo: Will Parson/Chesapeake Bay Program


The population of Bald eagles in the Chesapeake Bay watershed has soared in the past decade, leaping from just 60 breeding pairs in the 1970s to approximately 3,000 in 2021. This recovery story is without a doubt due to a ban placed on the pesticide DDT, as well as active wildlife management across the region. But now that the birds are back, there are several other reasons why our estuary is a go-to spot for Bald eagles.

 

Access to forested shorelines

 

According to Craig Koppie, fish and wildlife biologist and raptor specialist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bald eagles want quiet, undisturbed blocks of forest along the water where they can make their nests and spend the day fishing. They can find this along the shorelines of the Bay and its tidal tributaries. In particular, sections of the eastern and western shores of the Bay, plus the James, Potomac, and Rappahannock rivers, are currently hotspots for Bald eagles because of their forested shorelines. Tall loblolly pine trees are the Bald eagle's tree of choice: 60% of the local species choose them for nesting.

 

A diverse menu of fish to feed on

 

Because the Chesapeake Bay is an estuary — meaning that it has a mix of fresh water from the rivers and saltwater from the ocean — it has a variety of fish species that make for a healthy, balanced Bald eagle diet. The James River, for example, begins as freshwater upstream of Richmond, Va. and shifts to saltwater over a shorter distance than other major Chesapeake tributaries. This means an eagle can feed on different fish close to its nest.

 

Fishing is easier in shallow waters

 

Most estuaries are relatively shallow, and the Chesapeake Bay is no exception. Its average depth, including all tidal tributaries, is about 21 feet. As you can imagine, this makes fishing easier for species such as Bald eagles. Throughout the Bay, eagles have an easy time peering through the water and diving to catch a fish with their talons.

 

Wildlife refuges keep their habitat safe

 

According to Koppie, the National Wildlife Refuge System began purchasing areas for the protection of Bald eagles in the 1960s. Today, dozens of wildlife refuges across the watershed safeguard space for eagles to nest and fish. Some of the bigger ones in the watershed include Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge along the Potomac River, Rappahannock National Wildlife Refuge and Aberdeen Proving Ground, both on the western side of the Bay, and Eastern Neck and Blackwater National Wildlife Refuges on the eastern side of the Bay. Dorchester County, in Maryland, has the largest breeding population of Bald eagles in the region.

 

Wildlife managers have their back

 

Over the past several decades, wildlife managers have been diligently working to make sure Bald eagles can nest and reproduce. As far north as Otsego Lake in Cooperstown N.Y., scientists scale trees to band and monitor nesting Bald eagles to make sure the population is stable. Closer to the Bay in Maryland and Virginia, limits have been set on how close to a nest development can occur, as well as restrictions against construction during nesting and mating seasons.

 

What makes the Bay great for Bald eagles is also what makes the Bay great for other wildlife, as well as people. The same forested shorelines make ideal habitats for Osprey and Great blue herons. The diversity of fish is enjoyed by anglers in rivers or the Bay itself. Wildlife refuges and other preserved lands make wonderful places for hiking and kayaking. All these things make the Bay a great place to live, for people and Bald eagles alike.

 

*****

 

The eagles nesting at the National Arboretum in Washington, D.C. — named ‘Mr. President’ and ‘Lotus’ — seem to like it here in the Chesapeake watershed. They’ve laid two eggs; one hatched but the hatchling lived less than 24 hours; the other has yet to hatch.

 

The American Eagle Foundation has installed an eagle cam at the nest site so that we can all watch. The organization has a total of five eagle cams on the east coast that can be accessed at this website.

 

 

Jake Solyst is a web content specialist at the Chesapeake Bay Program. Jake writes, edits and manages content for the Chesapeake Bay Program’s flagship website while overseeing the partnership’s social media strategy.

 

The Chesapeake Bay Program is a unique regional partnership that has led and directed the restoration of the Chesapeake Bay since 1983.


Common Sense for the Eastern Shore

By Friends of Megan Outten July 29, 2025
Megan Outten, a lifelong Wicomico County resident and former Salisbury City Councilwoman, officially announced her candidacy recently for Wicomico County Council, District 7. At 33, Outten brings the energy of a new generation combined with a proven record of public service and results-driven leadership. “I’m running because Wicomico deserves better,” Outten said. “Too often, our communities are expected to do more with less. We’re facing underfunded schools, limited economic opportunities, and years of neglected infrastructure. I believe Wicomico deserves leadership that listens, plans ahead, and delivers real, measurable results.” A Record of Action and A Vision for the Future On Salisbury’s City Council, Outten earned a reputation for her proactive, hands-on approach — working directly with residents to close infrastructure gaps, support first responders, and ensure everyday voices were heard. Now she’s bringing that same focus to the County Council, with priorities centered on affordability, public safety, and stronger, more resilient communities. Key Priorities for District 7: Fully fund public schools so every child has the opportunity to succeed. Fix aging infrastructure and county services through proactive investment. Keep Wicomico affordable with smarter planning and pathways to homeownership. Support first responders and safer neighborhoods through better tools, training, and prevention. Expand resources for seniors, youth, and underserved communities. Outten’s platform is rooted in real data and shaped by direct community engagement. With Wicomico now the fastest-growing school system on Maryland’s Eastern Shore — and 85% of students relying on extra resources — she points to the county’s lagging investment as a key area for action. “Strong schools lead to strong jobs, thriving industries, and healthier communities,” Outten said. “Our schools and infrastructure are at a tipping point. We need leadership that stops reacting after things break — and starts investing before they do.” A Commitment to Home and Service Born and raised in Wicomico, Megan Outten sees this campaign as a continuation of her lifelong service to her community. Her vision reflects what she’s hearing from neighbors across the county: a demand for fairness, opportunity, and accountability in local government. “Wicomico is my home; it’s where I grew up, built my life, and where I want to raise my family,” Outten said. “Our county is full of potential. We just need leaders who will listen, work hard, and get things done. That’s what I’ve always done, and that’s exactly what I’ll continue to do on the County Council.” Outten will be meeting with residents across District 7 in the months ahead and unveiling more details of her platform. For more information or to get involved, contact info@meganoutten.com
By John Christie July 29, 2025
Way back in 1935, the Supreme Court determined that independent agencies like the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) do not violate the Constitution’s separation of powers. Humphrey’s Executor v. United States (1935). Congress provided that the CPSC, like the NLRB and MSPB, would operate as an independent agency — a multi-member, bipartisan commission whose members serve staggered terms and could be removed only “for neglect of duty or malfeasance in office but for no other cause.” Rejecting a claim that the removal restriction interferes with the “executive power,” the Humphrey’s Court held that Congress has the authority to “forbid their [members’] removal except for cause” when creating such “quasi-legislative or quasi-judicial” bodies. As a result, these agencies have operated as independent agencies for many decades under many different presidencies. Shortly after assuming office in his second term, Donald Trump began to fire, without cause, the Democratic members of several of these agencies. The lower courts determined to reinstate the discharged members pending the ultimate outcome of the litigation, relying on Humphrey’s , resulting in yet another emergency appeal to the Supreme Court by the administration. In the first such case, a majority of the Court allowed President Trump to discharge the Democratic members of the NLRB and the MSPB while the litigation over the legality of the discharges continued. Trump v. Wilcox (May 22, 2025). The majority claimed that they do not now decide whether Humphrey’s should be overruled because “that question is better left for resolution after full briefing and argument.” However, hinting that these agency members have “considerable” executive power and suggesting that “the Government” faces greater “risk of harm” from an order allowing a removed officer to continue exercising the executive power than a wrongfully removed officer faces from being unable to perform her statutory duty,” the majority gave the President the green light to proceed. Justice Kagan, joined by Justices Sotomayor and Jackson, dissented, asserting that Humphrey’s remains good law until overturned and forecloses both the President’s firings and the Court’s decision to award emergency relief.” Our emergency docket, while fit for some things, should not be used to “overrule or revise existing law.” Moreover, the dissenters contend that the majority’s effort to explain their decision “hardly rises to the occasion.” Maybe by saying that the Commissioners exercise “considerable” executive power, the majority is suggesting that Humphrey’s is no longer good law but if that is what the majority means, then it has foretold a “massive change” in the law and done so on the emergency docket, “with little time, scant briefing, and no argument.” And, the “greater risk of harm” in fact is that Congress provided for these discharged members to serve their full terms, protected from a President’s desire to substitute his political allies. More recently, in the latest shadow docket ruling in the administration’s favor, the same majority of the Court again permitted President Trump to fire, without cause, the Democratic members of another independent agency, this time the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Trump v. Boyle (July 23, 2025). The same three justices dissented, once more objecting to the use of the Court’s emergency docket to destroy the independence of an independent agency as established by Congress. The CPSC, like the NLRB and MSPB, was designed to operate as “a classic independent agency.” In Congress’s view, that structure would better enable the CPSC to achieve its mission — ensuring the safety of consumer products, from toys to appliances — than would a single-party agency under the full control of a single President. “By allowing the President to remove Commissioners for no reason other than their party affiliation, the majority has negated Congress’s choice of agency bipartisanship and independence.” The dissenters also assert that the majority’s sole professed basis for the more recent order in Boyle was its prior order in Wilcox . But in their opinion, Wilcox itself was minimally explained. So, the dissenters claim, the majority rejects the design of Congress for a whole class of agencies by “layering nothing on nothing.” “Next time, though, the majority will have two (if still under-reasoned) orders to cite. Truly, this is ‘turtles all the way down.’” Rapanos v. United States (2006). * ***** *In Rapanos , in a footnote to his plurality opinion, former Supreme Court Justice Scalia explained that this allusion is to a classic story told in different forms and attributed to various authors. His favorite version: An Eastern guru affirms that the earth is supported on the back of a tiger. When asked what supports the tiger, he says it stands upon an elephant; and when asked what supports the elephant, he says it is a giant turtle. When asked, finally, what supports the giant turtle, he is briefly taken aback, but quickly replies "Ah, after that it is turtles all the way down." John Christie was for many years a senior partner in a large Washington, D.C. law firm. He specialized in anti-trust litigation and developed a keen interest in the U.S. Supreme Court about which he lectures and writes.
By Shore Progress, Progessive Maryland, Progressive Harford Co July 15, 2025
Marylanders will not forget this vote.
Protest against Trumpcare, 2017
By Jan Plotczyk July 9, 2025
More than 30,000 of our neighbors in Maryland’s first congressional district will lose their health insurance through the Affordable Care Act and Medicaid because of provisions in the GOP’s heartless tax cut and spending bill passed last week.
Farm in Dorchester Co.
By Michael Chameides, Barn Raiser May 21, 2025
Right now, Congress is working on a fast-track bill that would make historic cuts to basic needs programs in order to finance another round of tax breaks for the wealthy and big corporations.
By Catlin Nchako, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities May 21, 2025
The House Agriculture Committee recently voted, along party lines, to advance legislation that would cut as much as $300 million from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. SNAP is the nation’s most important anti-hunger program, helping more than 41 million people in the U.S. pay for food. With potential cuts this large, it helps to know who benefits from this program in Maryland, and who would lose this assistance. The Center on Budget and Policy Priorities compiled data on SNAP beneficiaries by congressional district, cited below, and produced the Maryland state datasheet , shown below. In Maryland, in 2023-24, 1 in 9 people lived in a household with SNAP benefits. In Maryland’s First Congressional District, in 2023-24: Almost 34,000 households used SNAP benefits. Of those households, 43% had at least one senior (over age 60). 29% of SNAP recipients were people of color. 15% were Black, non-Hispanic, higher than 11.8% nationally. 6% were Hispanic (19.4% nationally). There were 24,700 total veterans (ages 18-64). Of those, 2,200 lived in households that used SNAP benefits (9%). The CBPP SNAP datasheet for Maryland is below. See data from all the states and download factsheets here.
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